The invention provides an apparatus and method for conducting chemical or biochemical reactions on a solid surface within an enclosed chamber. The invention may be used in conducting hybridization reactions, as of biopolymers such as DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides, peptides, polypeptides, proteins, antibodies, and the like. In another aspect, the invention provides an improved method for mixing a thin film of solution, as in a hybridization chamber. The invention further provides a kit for carrying out the methods of the invention.

Single-channel thin film devices and methods for using the same are provided. The subject devices comprise cis and trans chambers connected by an electrical communication means. At the cis end of the electrical communication means is a horizontal conical aperture sealed with a thin film that includes a single nanopore or channel. The devices further include a means for applying an electric field between the cis and trans chambers. The subject devices find use in applications in which the ionic current through a nanopore or channel is monitored where such applications include the characterization of naturally occurring ion channels, the characterization of polymeric compounds, and the like.

The electron microscope has an electron emission device for emitting electrons (4) from a solid sample (1) through a tunnel effect. It also has an electron image generator to generate an electron image of the inside of the sample through the emitted electrons. An image recording device (6) records the electronic image. In another arrangement, The solid sample is held by a sample holder. The electron emission device has an electrode part (2) arranged such that it lies opposite respective regions of the sample surface from which electrons are to be emitted, with an intermediate space maintained between the emission device electrode part and the surface region. Alternatively the microscope has a film electrode (2) arranged to lie opposite the probe surface. A potential application device (8) applies a potential between the sample (1) and the thin film electrode. An electrooptical device (5) generates an electronic image through electrons emitted from the film electrode.

A method of acquiring seismic data adapted for a land or transition zone environment including placing a location identifier (34) in a particular location, placing a seismic sensor (26) near the location identifier (34), reading the location identifier (34) using a seismic data cable, recording seismic data acquired by the seismic sensor (26) using the seismic data cable, and assigning sensor position coordinates to the seismic data based on measured position coordinates of the location identifier (34). The invention also involves an apparatus adapted for seismic data acquisition in a land or transition zone environment including a location identifier (34), a seismic sensor (26) capable of being placed near the location identifier, a seismic data cable, means for reading the location identifier using the seismic data cable, means for recording seismic data acquired by the seismic sensor (26) using the seismic data cable, and means for assigning sensor position coordinates to the seismic data based on measured position coordinates of the location identifier. Cette invention se rapporte à un procédé d'acquisition de données sismiques, conçu pour être utilisé dans un terrain ou dans une zone de transition et consistant à placer un identificateur de lieu (34) dans un lieu particulier, à placer un capteur sismique (26) à proximité de cet identificateur de lieu (34), à lire l'identificateur de lieum (34) en utilisant un câble de données sismiques, à enregistrer les données sismiques acquises par le capteur sismique (26) en utilisant ce câble de données sismiques, et en attribuant des coordonnées de position de capteur à ces données sismiques, sur la base des coordonnées de position mesurées de l'identificateur de lieu (34). Cette invention se rapporte également à un appareil pour l'acquisition de données sismiques dans un terrain ou dans une zone de transition et comprenant à cet effet un identificateur de lieu (34), un capteur sismique (26) pouvant être placé à proximité de cet identificateur de lieu, un câble de données sismiques, un moyen de lecture de cet identificateur de lieu utilisant ce câble de données sismiques, un moyen d'enregistrement des données sismiques acquises par le capteur sismique (26), utilisant ce câble de données sismiques, et un moyen servant à attribuer des coordonnées de position de capteur à ces données sismiques, sur la base des coordonnées de position mesurées de l'identificateur de lieu.

A thin tantalum foil is sufficiently stable mechanically for supporting a bridge of thin film resistors with a glass insulating layer interposed between them and the foil, while a fluid medium flows past the resistors for measurement of its temperature or for thermal measurement of the rate of flow of the mass of the medium. The resistors form a bridge one half of which is heated to maintain a predetermined temperature for measurement of the rate of flow by means of the heating current, while the other half provides a reference for the regulation of the heating current. A slot in the metal foil between the halves of the bridge provides thermal decoupling between the heated and unheated parts of the bridge.

747,708. Semi-conductor devices; magnetometers. COMPAGNIE GENERALE DE TELEGRAPHIE SANS FIL. March 26,1954 [March 28, 1953], No. 8996/54. Class 37. In apparatus for measuring the strength of a magnetic field H (Fig. 3c), by utilization of the Hall effect in a semi-conductor body 1 to produce a potential difference between probes a, b, the electrodes for the excitation current J are duplicated at one or both ends to enable adjustment to be made to the direction of current flow through the semi-conductor to ensure that the probes a, b are correctly located with respect to the equipotential surfaces in the semi-conductor body. As shown, the duplicated electrodes 7, 8 and 10A, 11A are interconnected by potentiometers 9, 12, respectively, whose sliders are joined to the excitation current potential source. The duplicated electrodes may be produced by soldering or metallization on the same end face, or on opposite faces adjacent to the end face, or the end face may be tapered with the electrodes on the slanting face. The meters 2, 3 may be replaced by the two coils of a ratio meter for obtaining the ratio V/J, and the excitation current may be D.C. or A.C.