A gas sensor is disclosed, which includes two separate metal electrodes on a surface of a substrate and a semiconductor thin film deposited on the surface of the substrate and connecting the two metal electrodes. The semiconductor thin film contains zinc oxide or a mixed oxide of zinc and indium, and the zinc oxide or the mixed oxide of zinc and indium are in the form of nanowires which constitute a gas-sensing surface of the semiconductor thin film. The nanowires have a diameter of 50-900 nm. The present invention also discloses a method for detecting the presence of a NOx gas.

The invention relates to a semi-conductor transducer, and to the use thereof in an electron donor or electron acceptor space sensor. Said transducer consists of an insulating substrate on the surface of which two electrodes and a semiconductor sensitive element are provided. The sensitive element consists of a layer of a semiconductor molecular material M1 having a conductivity C1 and a layer of a semiconductor molecular material M2 having a conductivity C2 and a forbidden bandwidth Eg2<1 eV. The material layer M1 is in contact with the electrodes. The material layer M2 is deposited on the material layer M1 and is not in contact with the electrodes. The conductivities are such that C2/C11.

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispense with writing on a cut position of a workpiece at every time, of a cut line with which a cut face of a circular saw blade is required to agree, when cutting, for example, a little long workpiece of 30 cm or longer by a slide type desktop electric circular saw or a desktop electric circular saw.SOLUTION: A groove or a slit a to be caught by a tip metal fitting of a spring reel type measure b for measuring a cut length is formed on a metal plate onto which a cut material is pressed horizontally, and the tip metal fitting of the spring reel type measure is allowed to catch the groove or the slit and is extended, to thereby enable cutting accurately and simply without drawing a line. 【課題】スライド式卓上電動丸鋸または卓上電動丸鋸によって、例えば３０ｃｍ以上の少し長いワークを切断する場合に、丸鋸刃の切断面に合わせるべき切断線を都度ワークの切断位置に書く必要をなくす。【解決手段】切断材料を水平に押しつける金属板に、切断長さを測るためのバネリール式メジャーｂの先端金具が引っかかるようにした溝または切れ目ａを入れ、バネリール式メジャーの先端金具をその溝または切れ目に引っかけ伸ばすことにより、線を引くことなく正確に簡単に切断できる。【選択図】図５

137,547. Adams, H. E. F. Goold-, Bousfield, W. R., and Todd, G. W. Sept. 28, 1917. Hygrometric apparatus.-Water vapour is detected by passing the gas to be tested over a salt or substance having a definite critical hydration pressure, for example the alkaline chloride or nitrate, which takes up water only if the partial pressure of the water vapour is above the critical hydration pressure of the salt and thereby becomes a conductor, closing an electric circuit. The apparatus shown is suitable for testing a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen, used for the synthetic production of ammonia, for the presence of oxygen. The gas to be tested is continuously sampled by a by-pass tube a and passes in succession through a drying-tube b, safety tube c, catalyst chamber d in which any oxygen present combines with hydrogen to form water vapour, then through the detecting salt and finally through a sulphuric-acid bubbler q. The dried detecting- salt may be placed between two wire gauze electrodes e, f, Fig. 2, arranged in brass tubes h cemented in a glass tube i. The salt forms part of an electric circuit containing an ammeter or galvanometer g, or a relay n, or both. The relay n may actuate a bell o, or other audible or visible alarm, or means for electro-magnetically cutting off the main supply of gases. A resistance r, equal to that of the salt when moist, may be put in parallel with the detector by a switch s for testing the circuit. A two-way valve p enables gases to be passed through the apparatus at starting without passing through the detector. The detector may be tested by drawing gas free from air or oxygen through a bubbler b' containing 20 per cent sulphuric acid having a definite vapour pressure. An alternative form of detector is shown in Fig. 4, and consists of two fine platinum wires t, t<1> wound round an insulating rod t<2>, on which a thin film of the detecting-salt has been deposited.

An instrument configured and arranged to detect a change in thickness or refractive index of a thin film substrate. A method for optimizing the instrument and a method for detecting a change in thickness or refractive index of a thin film substrate.

1,189,410. Semi-conductor amplifier. SIEMENS A.G. 1 July, 1968 [1 July, 1967], No. 31347/68. Heading H3T. [Also in Division G1] A D.C. to D.C. converter (amplifier) has a single magnetic circuit 3, 4 including two air gaps containing respective magneto-resistive elements 1, 2 which are connected with two other impedances (not shown) in a bridge whose output is amplified and is proportional to the current supplied to an input winding 8, the flux from which is opposed by that produced in a feedback winding 7 by current from the amplifier output; the gaps being premagnetized as by magnets 5a, 5b. The magnets may be permanent or electromagnets. The windings 7, 8 are carried on respective core parts 3, 4 which are U-shaped in Fig. 1; or one (3, Fig. 2, not shown) may be formed as a straight bar carrying a single permanent magnet (5) for premagnetization. In this case a single coil (10) carries the input current, and two coils (11) constitute the feedback winding. The straight core member (3) may be made thin (Figs. 3, 5, not shown) so that it saturates to limit the flux through the elements 1, 2 if the input current accidentally exceeds the maximum value of the current in the feedback coil (11), this being limited by the amplifier. The crosssection of the core parts 3, 4 may be reduced (Figs. 5, 6, not shown), and shield plates (12), which may have a lower magnetic grade than the core parts and preferably have a high saturation flux density, are provided to intercept stray flux (Fig. 7, not shown) which could cause premature saturation of the core member (3). The saturable core member (3) may be placed in the same plane as, and between, the core part (4, Fig. 8, not shown) and the plate (12). A constructional arrangement is described for the core (Fig. 9, not shown), and includes, as well as some of the above features, heat conductive, resilient members (25-28) separating core parts and plates. These members may be of copper, one (28) carrying the magnets (5a, 5b); and brass members (30) carry the magneto resistive elements (1, 2). The core is laminated or of tape. Temperature compensation includes making the windings of the same temperature coefficient material; and in the case where the feedback winding is in series with a resistance across which an output voltage is taken, this resistance has the same temperature coefficient.

An online monitoring method for a resistive leakage current of a metal-oxide-varistor lightning arrester or surge protection device (2). The method comprises: disposing a compensation capacitor and a current sensor (4); and providing, by using the compensation capacitor, to the current sensor (4) a compensation current to cancel a capacitive current component of a metal oxide varistor (1) flowing through the current sensor (4), the compensation current flowing in the reverse direction of the capacitive current component and having a magnitude error meeting a desired detection accuracy requirement. After the capacitive current component is cancelled by using the compensation current, a magnitude and changing trend of a total current flowing through the current sensor (4) can be used to determine a magnitude and changing trend of a resistive current component flowing through the metal oxide varistor (1) under action of a utility frequency voltage. An abnormal increase of the resistive current component is an important sign of degradation of the metal oxide varistor (1). By monitoring a magnitude and changing trend of a resistive current component, a magnitude and changing trend of a resistive leakage current of a metal-oxide-varistor lightning arrester or surge protection device (2) can be monitored. La présente invention concerne un procédé de surveillance en ligne pour un courant de fuite résistif d'un parafoudre ou d'un dispositif de protection contre les surtensions à varistance à oxyde métallique (2). Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes: la mise à disposition d'un condensateur de compensation et d'un capteur de courant (4); et la fourniture, au moyen du condensateur de compensation, au capteur de courant (4) d'un courant de compensation pour annuler une composante de courant capacitif d'une varistance à oxyde métallique (1) circulant dans le capteur de courant (4), le courant de compensation circulant dans le sens inverse de la composante de courant capacitif et ayant une amplitude d'erreur satisfaisant une exigence de précision de détection souhaitée. Suite à l'annulation de la composante de courant capacitif au moyen du courant de compensation, une tendance d'amplitude et de changement d'un courant total circulant dans le capteur de courant (4) peut être utilisée pour déterminer une tendance d'amplitude et de changement d'une composante de courant résistif s'écoulant dans la varistance à oxyde métallique (1) sous l'action d'une tension de fréquence d'utilité. Une augmentation anormale de la composante de courant résistif est un signe important de la dégradation de la varistance à oxyde métallique (1). Grâce à la surveillance d'une tendance d'amplitude et de changement d'une composante de courant résistif, une tendance d'amplitude et de changement d'un courant de fuite résistif d'un parafoudre ou dispositif de protection contre les surtensions à varistance à oxyde métallique (2) peut être surveillée. 一种金属氧化物压敏电阻型避雷器或浪涌保护器（2）的阻性漏电流在线监测方法，该方法设置补偿电容和一个电流传感器（4），用所述补偿电容向电流传感器（4）提供与流过电流传感器（4）的金属氧化物压敏电阻（1）的容性电流分量的方向相反、强度误差满足所需检测精度要求的补偿电流来抵消容性电流分量，用补偿电流抵消所述容性电流分量后，流过电流传感器（4）的总电流的大小和变化趋势即可用于判断在工频电压的作用下流过金属氧化物压敏电阻（1）的阻性电流分量的大小及变化趋势，阻性电流分量的异常增大是金属氧化物压敏电阻（1）劣化的重要标志，通过监测阻性电流分量的大小及变化趋势，即可监测金属氧化物压敏电阻型避雷器或浪涌保护器（2）的阻性漏电流大小及变化趋势

A method for detecting or assaying a target material in a sample solution, including: a first process for forming a metal oxide thin film containing a target material model on an electrode substrate; a second process for forming, on the metal oxide thin film, a recess into which the target material is able to engage, by removing the target material model from the metal oxide thin film; a third process for having the sample solution, into which a redox reactive molecule is added, contact the metal oxide thin film in which the recess is formed; and a forth process for electrochemically detecting a transition of electron exchange with the redox reactive molecule in the vicinity of the electrode substrate surface, before and after the third process.