YK41 - Provided is a method for preparing a specimen for extensively analyzing a resident skin bacterium and/or a substance present in the stratum corneum, such as a protein or a lipid, or observing the shape of the stratum corneum. A method for preparing a specimen for analyzing a resident skin bacterium and/or a substance present in the stratum corneum or observing the shape of the stratum, comprising applying a solution containing a polyvinyl alcohol polymer to the skin so as to form a thin-film and peeling and collecting the formed thin-film.

A method and means for determining the thickness, or curvature, of a thin film or stack of thin films disposed on the surface of a substrate having a curvature comprising generating a beam of radiation, focusing the beam through the one or more films onto a surface of the substrate, measuring the intensity across the reflected beam as a function of the angle of incidence of a plurality of rays derived from the focussed beam, determining the path of each of the plurality of rays and determining the thickness, or curvature of the film, or films, from the angular dependent intensity measurement.

Polymeric surfactants (molecular micelles) are disclosed for use in open tubular capillary electrochromatography or in high performance liquid chromatography. For example, fused silica capillaries are coated with thin films of charged polymers in a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM). A PEM coating may be formed in situ by alternate rinses with positive and negative polyelectrolytes. At least the innermost of the negatively charged polymer layers is a molecular micelle. Prototype embodiments have successfully separated seven benzodiazepines from one another. The run-to-run, day-to-day, week-to-week and capillary-to-capillary reproducibilities were very good, with relative standard deviation values less than 0.01. The PEM-coated capillary was very robust over at least 200 runs. Stability against high and low pH values was also observed. Using chiral polymerized micelles, chiral separations may be achieved, as was demonstrated with a separation of the enantiomers of 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-dihydrogenphosphate. Alternatively, layers for use in this invention may be formed from zwitterionic polymers in lieu of separate cationic and anionic layers. Zwitterionic polymer layers may be used either with or without molecular micelles.

PURPOSE:To impart antistatic/antireflection properties to the surfaces of various kinds of display meters and the protective covers thereof by forming one layer of a transparent conductive thin film and combining the conductive thin film and other transparent thin film. CONSTITUTION:An SiO2 layer 22 as a 1st layer is formed on, characteristic a CRT display surface 21. The thickness thereof is about <=100nm. The transparent conductive thin film 23 consisting of In2O3 as the 2nd layer is formed thereon. The physical property value of the film 23 is n=2.0:lambda/2:R=50OMEGA/sq. The film thickness thereof is usually several hundreds to several thousands Angstrom and is determined from the relation with various optical characteristics (spectral characteristics). A thin film 24 consisting of MgF2 is formed as a 3rd layer on the film 23. The physical property value of the film 24 is n=1.37:lambda/4. The prevention of reflection is attained by these three layers 22 to 24.

1,263,599. Semi-conductor devices. MATSUSHITA ELECTRONICS CORP. 22 Dec., 1969 [27 Dec., 1968], No. 62304/69. Heading H1K. A pressure transducer comprises a semiconductor substrate 1 on which is a layer 12 forming therewith a rectifying junction, a metal electrode layer 13 bonded to the layer 12 and forming a eutectic alloy bond with a metal layer 15 on a rigid core 14. The layer 12 is of molybdenum to form with the substrate a Schottky barrier or of a semi-conductor having conductivity different from that of the substrate to form a P-N junction therewith. The electrode layer 13 is of gold, aluminium, copper or a leadtin alloy. The layer 15 is of aluminium, copper, gold or nickel. The core 14 is of diamond, ruby, sapphire, agate, quartz or glass. The core and part of the electrode layer 13 are bonded with an adhesive 5 of a plastics material or rubber. The layer 15 is applied to the core 14 by vacuum deposition, chemical deposition or electroless plating. The electrode layer and the metal layer 15 are bonded by retaining the core with a vacuum sucker and pressing it against the electrode layer which is heated to a predetermined temperature.

To provide an analysis method for accurately analyzing a deposit and/or an inclusion in a metal sample even when the size of the deposit, etc., are fine.SOLUTION: The method for analyzing a deposit and/or an inclusion in a metal sample is provided that includes: an electrolysis step of electrolyzing a metal sample; a separation step of immersing the remainder of the metal sample remaining after the electrolysis step in a dispersion solution to separate the deposit and/or the inclusion from the remainder and collect the deposit and/or the inclusion in the dispersion solution; an extraction step of gasifying and evaporating the dispersion solution remaining after the separation step to extract the deposit and/or the inclusion; and an analysis step of analyzing the deposit and/or inclusion extracted in the extraction step.SELECTED DRAWING: None 【課題】析出物等のサイズが微細であっても、金属試料中に存在する析出物および／または介在物を、精度よく分析する分析方法を提供することを目的とする。【解決手段】金属試料を電解する電解ステップと、前記電解ステップ後の金属試料の残部を分散溶液に浸漬して、残部から析出物および／または介在物を分離し、分散溶液中に析出物および／または介在物を回収する分離ステップと、前記分離ステップ後の分散溶液を気化蒸発して前記析出物および／または介在物を抽出する抽出ステップと、前記抽出ステップにて抽出した析出物および／または介在物を分析する分析ステップと、を有する金属試料中の析出物および／または介在物の分析方法。【選択図】なし

Polymeric surfactants (molecular micelles) are disclosed for use in open tubular capillary electrochromatography or in high performance liquid chromatography. For example, fused silica capillaries are coated with thin films of charged polymers in a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM). A PEM coating may be formed in situ by alternate rinses with positive and negative polyelectrolytes. At least the innermost of the negatively charged polymer layers is a molecular micelle. Prototype embodiments have successfully separated seven benzodiazepines from one another. The run-to-run, day-to-day, week-to-week and capillary-to-capillary reproducibilities were very good, with relative standard deviation values less than 0.01. The PEM-coated capillary was very robust over at least 200 runs. Stability against high and low pH values was also observed. Using chiral polymerized micelles, chiral separations may be achieved, as was demonstrated with a separation of the enantiomers of 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-dihydrogenphosphate. Alternatively, layers for use in this invention may be formed from zwitterionic polymers in lieu of separate cationic and anionic layers. Zwitterionic polymer layers may be used either with or without molecular micelles.