The present application relates to a method and device for measuring the temperature and/or deformation according to Brillouin shift. A section of bent optical fiber having both ends fixed is used, the effect of the strain on the Brillouin shift after the optical fiber is bent and both ends thereof are fixed is ignored to measure the Brillouin shift of the section of optical fiber, and the temperature can be obtained according to the relation between the Brillouin shift and the temperature. The Brillouin shift of a section of unfixed optical fiber at the certain temperature is then measured, and the strain is obtained through calculation. According to the present application, the temperature and the strain of an optical fiber node can be independently measured, the calculation is simple, and the result is accurate. La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de mesure de la température et/ou de la déformation selon un décalage Brillouin. Une section de fibre optique courbée dont les deux extrémités sont fixées est utilisée, l'effet de la contrainte sur le décalage Brillouin après que la fibre optique soit pliée et ses deux extrémités fixées est ignoré pour mesurer le décalage Brillouin de la section de fibre optique, et la température peut être obtenue en fonction de la relation entre le décalage Brillouin et la température. Le décalage Brillouin d'une section de fibre optique non fixée à une certaine température est ensuite mesuré, et la contrainte est obtenue par calcul. Selon la présente invention, la température et la contrainte d'un nœud de fibre optique peuvent être mesurées indépendamment, le calcul est simple et le résultat est précis. 本申请涉及一种根据布里渊频移测量温度和/或形变的方法和装置，通过一段弯曲且两端固定的光纤，利用光纤弯曲且两端固定后应变对于布里渊频移的影响可忽略不计的作用，测量该段光纤的布里渊频移，根据布里渊频移与温度的关系式，可得到温度。再测量一段无固定的光纤在一定温度下的布里渊频移，再计算得到应变。本申请可以独立测量光纤节点温度和应变，具有计算简单，结果准确的优点。

819,925. Detecting surface flaws. SWITZER BROS. Inc. July 9, 1957 [Aug. 14, 1956], No. 24834/56. Class 106 (2). [Also in Group XL (a)] A method of testing the surface of an article for the presence of a surface discontinuity comprises forming on the surface of the article an adherent film of a liquid penetrant containing a colouring matter susceptible to fading on exposure to ultra-violet light, exposing the surface to ultra-violet light for sufficient time to substantially destroy any colour in the penetrant on the surface, but not in that lodged in a surface discontinuity and then inspecting the surface in a light which will render contrastingly visible any colouring matter remaining in a surface discontinuity. Suitable penetrants are stated to include kerosene, mineral spirits and light fuel oils. Less suitable penetrants include benzene, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, isophorine, butyl acetate, amyl acetate and acids such as acrylic acid. Some of these latter are soluble in water and care must be taken, if a water wash is used to remove excess penetrant before leaving the films, not to use too vigorous a wash. Suitable dyes include that sold under the Registered Trade Mark Fluorol 5GA, perylene and celliton brilliant yellow FFA, all of which fluoresce and are soluble in the above mentioned penetrants. The mixture may be applied in any suitable way, either to leave a thin film or else to leave an excess of liquid which may be removed by wiping or hosing with water. The inspection may be made under ultra-violet light, or a developer such as french talc may be applied to the surface which is then inspected under visible light.

The invention relates to thin film-shaped or wafer-shaped pharmaceutical preparations for oral administration of active substances. The preparations contain at least one matrix-forming polymer which has at least one active substance and at least one carbon dioxide-forming substance dissolved or dispersed therein.

975,555. Radiation detectors. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. March 10, 1961 [March 10, 1960], No. 8419/60. Heading G1A. A device for detecting radio-active radiation comprises a casing 1 having an opening, an inwardly directed flange 2 adjacent the opening, resilient material 3, e.g. soft rubber, supported on the flange, a fluorescent screen 4 resting on but not wholly covering said resilient material, a frame 6 surrounding screen 4 and having a dependent wall which presses into the resilient material, a light opaque screen 5, and a protection grille 7 secured to casing 1 and serving to hold screen 5 in light-tight contact with frame 6 and to press the dependent wall into material 3 so as to hold fluorescent screen 4 in position and to form a light-tight closure. The invention is stated to be of general application in radiation detectors of the type which employ a fluorescent screen, but is described more particularly as applied to the scintillation detector described in Specification 975,554 where casing 1 housing a photo-multiplier tube. Where it is desired to detect α radiation, screen 4 comprises a zinc sulphide phosphor deposited on a methyl methacrylate support. Where it is desired to detect both α and # radiation, the screen comprises zinc sulphide in a fluorescent plastic phosphor. Light opaque screen 5 comprises a thin film of beryllium, aluminium or the material known under the Registered Trade Mark Milinex suitably aluminised. The grille 7 is surrounded by a frame 7a having a flange 9 on three sides. The centre flange carries a pair of apertured spring fingers (not shown) intended to engage pins projecting from the side of case 1, and the opposite side of the frame is arranged to be secured to the casing by screws. Rubber pressure pads 8 are provided on the underside of frame 7a. If desired opaque screen 5 may be disposed between fluorescent screen 4 and frame 6.

The invention relates to thin film-shaped or wafer-shaped pharmaceutical preparations for oral administration of active substances. The preparations contain at least one matrix-forming polymer which has at least one active substance and at least one carbon dioxide-forming substance dissolved or dispersed therein.

The invention relates to thin film-shaped or wafer-shaped pharmaceutical preparations for oral administration of active substances which are characterized in that the said preparation contains at least one matrix-forming polymer which has at least one active substance and at least one carbon dioxide-forming substance dissolved or dispersed therein.

A method for determining short chain fatty acid content in intestinal contents or excrement. A sample is pretreated by diethyl ether, and then the short chain fatty acid content in the sample is determined by a gas chromatography method; the pretreatment temperature is 2-8°C. In the method, other derivatization pretreatment steps are not needed, the pretreatment time is less than 15 min, and the total determining duration is less than 20 min; low temperature can effectively reduce volatilization loss of the short chain fatty acid, and the recycling rate is up to 98.10±0.29%-101.30±0.27%. By means of the method, the detection limit can be as low as 0.0036 μL/mL, and the quantitation limit can be as low as 0.0041 μL/mL, so that the method is more accurate and efficient for detection of the short chain fatty acid. L'invention concerne une méthode permettant de déterminer une teneur en acide gras à chaîne courte dans des contenus ou des excréments intestinaux. Un échantillon est prétraité par de l'éther diéthylique, puis la teneur en acide gras à chaîne courte dans l'échantillon est déterminé par une méthode de chromatographie en phase gazeuse ; la température de prétraitement est de 2 à 8 °C dans la méthode, d'autres étapes de prétraitement de dérivation ne sont pas nécessaires, le temps de prétraitement est inférieur à 15 min, et la durée de détermination totale est inférieure à 20 min ; une basse température peut réduire efficacement la perte de volatilisation de l'acide gras à chaîne courte et le taux de recyclage est jusqu'à 98,10±0,29 % à 101,30±0,27 %. Grâce à la méthode, la limite de détection peut être aussi faible que 0,0036 pL/mL, et la limite de quantification peut être aussi faible que 0,0041 pL/mL, de sorte que la méthode est plus précise et efficace pour la détection de l'acide gras à chaîne courte. 一种测定肠道内容物或粪便中短链脂肪酸含量的方法，采用乙醚对样品进行预处理，然后用气相色谱法测定样品中的短链脂肪酸含量；预处理温度为2～8℃。该方法不需要其他衍生化前处理步骤，前处理时间短于15min，总测试时长短于20min；低温可有效降低短链脂肪酸的挥发损失，回收率高为98.10±0.29％～101.30±0.27％；采用该方法检测限能低至0.0036μL/mL，定量限能低至0.0041μL/mL，对于短链脂肪酸的检测更为准确和高效。

A fiber-optic gauge having at least one sensor mounted onto a side of an optical fiber. In one embodiment, the sensor is optically coupled to the fiber using a thin-film filter inserted into the fiber and preferably oriented at about 45 degrees with respect to the fiber axis. The sensor may be one of a plurality of sensors similarly mounted on and optically coupled to a single optical fiber. Each sensor is designed to change its reflectivity in response to a change in an external physical parameter, e.g., pressure, and is preferably adapted for interrogation with monochromatic light. The interrogating light has a plurality of wavelength components, each corresponding to a different sensor. Light reflected from the sensors is de-multiplexed and analyzed to measure the reflectivity of each sensor and to derive the corresponding value of the physical parameter, thereby providing a parameter measurement at each sensor location. Advantageously, gauges of the invention may be used in medical applications such as arterial catheterization to provide, e.g., real-time blood-pressure sampling around a damaged area of an artery, while decreasing the patient's trauma compared to that inflicted by prior-art devices where multiple optical fibers are used for a similar measurement.