Thermisches Durchflussmessgerät zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung eines Massedurchflusses eines Messmediums durch ein Messrohr umfassend: A einen Sensor mit zumindest einem ersten beheizbaren Sensorelement, B wobei das thermische Durchflussmessgerät ein Energiespeicherelement und C eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinheit aufweist, zur getakteten Energieversorgung des beheizbaren Sensorelements, derart, dass durch den Sensor i) eine Wärmemenge intervallartig in das Messmedium eingebracht wird mit Intervallpausen t0 in welchen keine Wärmemenge in das Medium eingebracht wird und Heizintervallen t1 in welchen Wärmemengen in das Medium eingebracht werden, und wobei ii) die Intervallpausen t0 länger andauern als die Heizintervalle t1. The thermal flow meter (23) has a control and/or regulating unit that is provided for performing clocked power supply of a heated sense element of a thin film sensor (1), such that an amount of heat is introduced into the measuring medium at specific intervals and is not introduced at other interval. The interval pauses is continued longer than the heating intervals. An evaluation unit is provided with to determine power consumption in first operation mode of sense element and temperature in a second operation mode of the sense element. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) a method for determining and/or monitoring mass flow rate of medium; and (2) a method for calibrating thermal flow meter.

Disclosed are a measurement method and a measurement apparatus both of which can measure the content of water or an organic acid in a polar organic solvent with high accuracy even when water or the organic acid is contained in the polar organic solvent at a low content. The content of water or an organic acid in a polar organic solvent can be measured by using, as a work electrode, an ISFET electrode in which a thin film comprising an oxide or nitride of a metal or metalloid element belonging to Groups 3 to 15 is formed on a gate. L'invention porte sur un procédé de mesure et sur un appareil de mesure qui peuvent tous deux mesurer la concentration en eau ou en acide organique dans un solvant organique polaire avec une précision élevée même lorsque l'eau ou l'acide organique est contenu dans le solvant organique polaire à une concentration faible. La concentration en eau ou en acide organique dans un solvant organique polaire peut être mesurée à l'aide, en tant qu'électrode de travail, d'une électrode ISFET dans laquelle un film mince comprenant un oxyde ou un nitrure d'un métal ou d'un élément métalloïde appartenant aux Groupes 3 à 15 est formé sur une grille.

A porous helix for nano/micro mixer and filter having a porous helix structure is provided to implement efficient filter for mixing filter filtering micro particles in a local area of micro channel and fluids. A porous helix for nano/micro filter is a filter filtering micro particles within the fluid in a local area of micro channel and has a sterical shape in which a thin film having a plurality of holes is spirally twisted based on the longitudinal direction. A porous helix for nano/micro filter mixer is a mixer for mixing fluids in a local area of micro channel and has a spirally twisted sterical shape.

The properties and yield of a product from a hydrocarbon conversion or separation process may be determined from the NIR (Near Infrared) spectrum of the feedstock. This is accomplished by: (a) determining with an IR spectrometer the absorbance of the feedstock at a certain number of frequencies in the spectral range 16667 to 3840 cm-1 starting from a defined base line, and then (b) determining the property or yield by applying a correlation between the property or yield and the absorbance values. The correlation is determined experimentally by multivariate regression and is dependent upon the type of spectrometer employed, the property or yield to be determined, and the frequencies used.

Disclosed is the use of a DKK1 gene or the coded protein inhibitor thereof for the preparation of a composition or formulation used to prevent and/or treat tumor cachexia and diseases associated with diabetes. By inhibiting the expression or activity of the DKK1 gene or the protein encoded thereby in tumor cells, which can effectively prevent and/or treat tumor cachexia and diseases associated with diabetes, also provided is a method for detecting the protein expression level of DKK1 in blood, which level is taken as an indicator for precise treatment and judging prognosis. L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'un gène DKK1 ou de l'inhibiteur de protéine codée de celui-ci pour la préparation d'une composition ou d'une formulation utilisée pour prévenir et/ou traiter la cachexie tumorale et les maladies associées au diabète. En inhibant l'expression ou l'activité du gène DKK1 ou de la protéine codée par celui-ci dans des cellules tumorales, on peut prévenir et/ou traiter efficacement la cachexie tumorale et les maladies associées au diabète, l'invention concerne également un procédé pour détecter le niveau d'expression de protéine de DKK1 dans le sang, lequel niveau est pris comme indicateur pour un traitement précis et l'évaluation d'un pronostic. 一种DKK1基因或其编码蛋白抑制剂的用途，用于制备组合物或制剂，该组合物或制剂用于预防和/或治疗肿瘤恶病质与糖尿病伴随疾病。通过抑制肿瘤细胞中的DKK1基因或其编码蛋白的表达或活性，有效预防和/或治疗肿瘤恶病质与糖尿病伴随疾病，也提供了检测血中DKK1的蛋白表达水平方法，作为精准治疗与判断预后的指标。

The number of micropores per area in a thin film has a critical influence on its quality. Especially in semiconductor technology, the quality of thin layers on semiconductive substrates must therefore be tested frequently. In known methods for the examination of the micropores, the result is available at the earliest after several hours, in some methods not for days. Furthermore, the results depend strongly on the parameters of the examination methods. A method is described in which, in the region of micropores in the layer or on the substrate surface, changes (coloration) are brought about by means of anodic oxidation. The number of the changes (= the number of the micropores) is determined with the naked eye or with optical aids. The method also allows the determination of the size of the micropores.

Das allgemeine Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Modifizierung der Oberflächen von Mikrotiterplatten mit pH- und/oder redox-sensitiven und/oder molekular geprägten Polymeren sowie die Verwendung solcher modifizierter Mikrotiterplatten in Assays bzw. Test- und Screeningsystemen. Dementsprechend ist ein Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Erzeugung eines Polymerfilms auf der Oberfläche von Mikrotiterplatten durch chemische oder photochemische Pfropfung, radikalische oder ionische Polymerisation oder Polymervernetzung. Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung ist, daß solche Polymerfilme in Gegenwart von Templaten, durch molekular prägende Polymerisation, synthetisiert werden. Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung ist die Immobilisierung von Enzymen oder Rezeptoren auf der Oberfläche von durch pH- und/oder redox-sensitive und/oder molekular geprägte Polymerfilme modifizierten Mikrotiterplatten. Weiterhin werden die Mikrotiterplatten, die entsprechend durch Kombination von Polymerfilmen und Enzymen oder durch molekular geprägte Polymerfilme modifiziert wurden, für die Bestimmung von Substanzen genutzt, die Enzymsubstrate oder Template sind. Das Nachweisprinzip für die Substanzen basiert auf der Verfolgung der Farbänderung des auf der Oberfläche der Mikrotiterplatte aufgebrachten Polymers, die durch Protonierung/Deprotonierung bzw. Redoxreaktion aufgrund der Templatbindung oder/und die durch Templatbindung ausgelöste Enzymreaktion induziert wird. Method for modifying the surface of microtiter plates comprises chemical or photochemical grafting, radical or ionic polymerization or polymer crosslinking, including molecular impact polymerization, to form a stable insoluble film that can be used to monitor the formation and/or conversion of substances in solution and/or on the surface of the microtiter plate. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for determining the pH of samples by contacting them with the modified microtiter plates and measuring the light absorption of the polymer film; (2) a method for determining substances in contact with the modified microtiter plates, in which one or more enzymes, receptors, antibodies or cells are immobilized on the polymer surface, comprising measuring the change in the optical properties of the polymer film caused by a protonation/deprotonation or redox redox reaction in the course of the binding and/or catalytic conversion of the substances; (3) an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in which the antibodies, receptors or antigens immobilized on the microtiter plate surface are replaced by molecular impact polymers (MIPs); (4) a drug screening method in which the receptors or ligands immobilized on the microtiter plate surface are replaced by MIPs; (5) an ELISA method in which antibodies, receptors or antigens are immobilized on the surface of the modified microtiter plates; (6) an assay based on the modified microtiter plates in which a change in absorption spectrum (wavelength), radioactivity, fluorescence, phosphorescence, chemiluminescence or bioluminescence is used for quantitative determination; (7) a method for monitoring cell cultures, comprising measuring pH, substrate concentration or metabolite concentration with the modified microtiter plates; (8) a method for surface modification of optical elements (fibers or films) by chemical or photochemical grafting, radical or ionic polymerization or polymer crosslinking, including molecular impact polymerization, to form a stable insoluble film that can be used to monitor the formation and/or conversion of substances in solution and/or on the surface of the optical element; and (9) use of the polymer-modified optical elements of (8) in sensors.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zum Austausch von chemischen und/oder physikalischen Datensätzen, beispielsweise Objekten, die in chemischer Hinsicht relvant sind, wie Strukturformeln. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht vor, dass Daten aus wenigstens einer Datenbank (6, 7, 8) von einer Zwischenschicht (3) abgefragt werden und von dieser bereitgestellt werden. Die bereitgestellten Daten werden dann durch Mittel zum Anzeigen und/oder Weiterverarbeiten (1a, 1b, 1c) zur Anzeige gebracht und/oder weiterverarbeitet. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung für den Datenaustausch von chemischen und/oder physikalischen Datensätzen umfasst wenigstens eine Datenbank (6, 7, 8), eine adaptive Zwischenschicht (3) zur Abfrage und Bereitstellung von Daten aus der Datenbank (6, 7, 8) und Mittel zum Anzeigen und/oder Weiterverarbeiten (1a, 1b, 1c) der durch die Zwischenschicht (3) bereitgestellten Daten. The device for the data exchange of chemical and/or physical records, comprises a data bank (6, 7, 8), an adaptive intermediate layer (3) for the interrogation and provision of datas from the data bank, means for indicating and/or processing (1) the data's allocated by the intermediate layer, means for the entry of further datas, and means for allocating the further datas in the intermediate layer. The adaptive intermediate layer comprises a means for the visual representation of chemical structure data, a class library, and a configuration data base. The device for the data exchange of chemical and/or physical records, comprises a data bank (6, 7, 8), an adaptive intermediate layer (3) for the interrogation and provision of datas from the data bank, means for indicating and/or processing (1) the datas allocated by the intermediate layer, means for the entry of further datas, and means for allocating the further datas in the intermediate layer. The adaptive intermediate layer comprises a means for the visual representation of chemical structure data, a class library, and a configuration data base, is arranged so that the datas are transmitted for updating on the data bank, and provides means for format conversion or an internal adapter class. Independent claims are included for: (1) a computer program product for the data exchange of chemical and/or physical records; and (2) a data carrier.