The present application describes an electronically powered postage stamp or mailing label and including a radio frequency identification (RFID) device and system mounted between the opposing and facing major surfaces thereof. The RFID device and system includes an integrated circuit transceiver chip which is connected to and powered by a thin flat battery cell and is operated with a thin film RF antenna, all of which are mounted in side-by-side relationship on a thin base or support layer. These thin flat components are mounted in an essentially two dimensional planar configuration well suited for incorporation into the planar structure of a postage stamp or a mailing label. In addition, the RFID transceiver chip may be replaced with an electro-optically operated IC chip using, for example, LEDs or laser diodes for the propagation of light signals to an interrogator.

PURPOSE:To obtain high insulation property without spoiling heat conductivity and to take an accurate measurement even when the body to be measured is energized by coating the tip part of a contactor with a thin film of diamond. CONSTITUTION:The contactor 1 consists of a protective pipe 4 which projects to a probe 3 and a sensor 5 such as a thermocouple stored in the pipe. Then the diamond thin-film coating layer 2 is formed at the tip part of the sensor 5 which faces the tip of the protective pipe 4, the outer peripheral surface nearby it, and the opening end of the protective pipe 4. When the tip of the sensor 5 projects from the pipe 4, the coating layer 2 is formed only at the tip. The coating layer 2 is formed by a plasma CVD method, etc., and when the voltage of the body to be measured is 200V, thickness of about 10mum is enough. This thickness is made preferably as thin as possible so as to reduce the difference from the part to be measured. The inherent resistance of the diamond thin film 2 is 10<16>OMEGAcm, so the electric insulation is sufficiently high and the heat conductivity is about 5 times as large as that of copper and sufficiently large.

The present application describes an electronically powered postage stamp or mailing label and including a radio frequency identification (RFID) device and system mounted between the opposing and facing major surfaces thereof. The RFID device and system includes an integrated circuit transceiver chip which is connected to and powered by a thin flat battery cell and is operated with a thin film RF antenna, all of which are mounted in side-by-side relationship on a thin base or support layer. These thin flat components are mounted in an essentially two dimensional planar configuration well suited for incorporation into the planar structure of a postage stamp or a mailing label. In addition, the RFID transceiver chip may be replaced with an electro-optically operated IC chip using, for example, LEDs or laser diodes for the propagation of light signals to an interrogator.

1346612 Detecting formation of thin films ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS Ltd 30 March 1972 [3 April 1971] 8624/71 Heading G1N The presence of a film or layer on a radioactive source is detected by the resulting drop in ionisation current in an atmosphere surrounding the source. A dew point meter is shown, and includes a radioactive source 2, e.g. tritium or nickel 63, and a collector electrode 1, the radioactive source being cooled until a drop in ionisation current collected at electrode 1 is indicated on an indicator 6. The temperature is then noted on a device 8. In Fig.2 (not shown), the output of the amplifier 5 is used to energise a heater to thereby control the rate of cooling of the source 2.

Disclosed is a sensor comprising an insulating substrate, a plurality of electrodes coated on the insulating substrate and formed of a thin film conductor of a metallo-organic compound obtained by a pyrolysis, and a layer formed across the electrodes. The layer formed across the electodes has an electrical property changeable in accordance with an atmosphere. The sensor reduces the affection due to the existence of the step portion, restrains the structural deficiency at the step portion and improves the stability of the change with age. By the metallo-organic compound, the thin film layer can be formed by a pyrolysis at relatively low temperatures, and the electrodes can be formed in various structures and by various producing processes.

In a sensor (12) for determining pressure or force a thick-film resistor (11) is pressed onto a carrier (10). When the thick-film resistor (11) is still in the soft state, a force-introducing part (13) is placed onto the thick-film resistor, and the component thus produced is hardened. As a result, a sensor (12) having a virtually uniform load distribution over the entire thick-film resistor is produced, so that its pick-up curve is already linear in the initial range without prestressing.

PURPOSE:To prepare efficiently pure crystal or film by providing mercury in the flat plate-like state in the inside of a housing regulated to the specified atmosphere, dropping liquid substance by which crystal or film is formed on the surface of mercury and thereby forming the thin crystal or film on the surface of mercury. CONSTITUTION:An aq. soln. of molecule making crystal is dropped on the surface of mercury 8 via a nozzle 10 from a feed source 9 of liquid substance. The aq. soln. dropped on mercury 8 is quickly developed on the surface of mercury and extremely thin film or crystal is made. As this time the water droplets of tip part of the nozzle 10 are touched to the surface of mercury by approaching the nozzle 10 to the surface of mercury 8. When DC voltage of about several volts is impressed between the nozzle and mercury 8 from a power source 11, the surface tension of the aq. soln. is decreased and the surface tension difference between mercury and the aq. soln. is made large and thereby the aq. soln. is instantaneously developed on the surface of mercury and extremely uniform from or crystal can be formed.

PURPOSE:To detect the steal of corrosive or combustible gases into a panel thereby to prevent a device in the panel from being deteriorated and explosion from taking place by using the principle, in which an electromotive force is generated by the diference in the pH of a solution between the both sides of a glass thin film. CONSTITUTION:A sealed glass thin film container 22 having an internal electrode is charged with such a chemical as is reacted with corrosive gases such as H2S to have its pH varied and as has no combustible and corrosive properties, e.g., a solution of NaOH. An open container 23 having an internal electrode is also charged with the same chemical as that in the container 22. If H2S steals into panel 21 of sealed construction, the chemical in the container 23 reacts with the H2S so that its component is changed as well as the pH value. On the contrary, the pH value of the chemical in the container 22 is invaried. As a result, a potential difference is established between the two chemicals so that a voltmeter 24 connected with the containers 22 and 23 through a wire 25 indicates a preset voltage level.